Part 1
For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.
Fear
Humans love being scared by horror films and being (1) in suspense by thrillers. And this unique ability to deal
with fear could be the key to treating phobias.
When we get scared, the body (2)
to fear by increasing the heart rate, making us breathe faster, and focusing
our attention on ways to beat the threat. If the brain knows there is no real risk of harm, the (3) is enjoyable.
On a rollercoaster, young children may not realise there is no threat, and they can (4). tears. Adults, however,
might scream, but then laugh because they recognise there is no real danger.
This phenomenon (5). explains why people can enjoy bungee jumping and extreme sports. Yes, there is an
element of danger, but we know that safety measures lower the risk and this allows us to enjoy the experience.
The part of the brain that is (6) for this is the amygdala, which is where we keep memories that are linked
with emotions.
If we are (7) exposed to a frightening stimulus, the brain gets used to it and we no longer find the experience
scary. This is what scientists hope to do in the treatment of the kind of irrational fear that (8) phobias.
1 A stayed
2 A acts
3 A affect
4 A burst into
5 A too
6 A reasonable
7 A never
8 A leads to
Part 2
B been
B responds
B effect
B break down
B as well
B responsible
B still
B calls for
C kept
C replies
C sense
C let down
C also
C good
C now
C bases on
D taken
D shows
D idea
D deal with
D and
D sure
D often
D starts with